What distinguishes random sampling from quota sampling?

Random sampling is distinguished by the principle that each individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected. This method relies on random selection processes, such as using a random number generator or drawing names from a hat, to ensure unbiased representation of the entire population. This equal probability helps in obtaining a sample that closely reflects the characteristics of the larger group, minimizing selection bias.

In contrast, quota sampling does not guarantee equal probability for all individuals. Instead, it involves dividing the population into subgroups and then selecting a specific number of individuals from each subgroup according to predefined criteria. This method may not adequately represent the diversity within the population since it prioritizes meeting quotas rather than ensuring randomness.

Thus, the correct answer highlights the fundamental aspect of random sampling that differentiates it from quota sampling.